If you know that the Folder starts out empty and each file name is incremented by one, generate the file name yourself, keeping track of the current number. You can use a file name format e.g. as "FILE%010d.dat" or "FILE%010x.dat" or similar. Even if the folder already has some files, it would be trivial to determine the highest suffix once before the program starts and then keep incrementing from there. Alternatively, you could e.g. format the current time stamp into a filename (guaranteed to be unique and sorted, if done correctly).
The tool "Create file name with incrementing suffix" Is the only thing that is holding you back, because with every call it does a "list folder" command, which gets more and more expensive as the number of files increases. Listing tens of thousands of file names to sort out what number comes next is not a trivial operation the way it is implemented. (You can open it to see what it does!).
Still, as the others above, I question the sanity of this approach overall. There are probably better ways to do all that than using the file system to segment data into tiny aliquots.